Originally Posted By: dblshock
don't be fooled, 0W oil is thinner than 5W or 10W... those are the base grades then VI improvers are added to bring them to the respective full temp hot grades 20 30 40...i thought we all knew this by now.
The winter rating is shot for as part of the blending process, which generally involves using a blend of thin bases. But you cannot universally conclude that an oil with a 0w-xx as its winter designation is using a thinner base blend than a 5w-xx.
Let's look at this blending chart and the 0w-20. If we adjust our percentages up to calculate the visc of just the base oil it ends up as 19.98% 4cSt PAO, 80.02% 6cSt PAO. This gives us a PAO base visc blend of 5.55cSt, which puts us right between SAE 12 and SAE 16. So this product, without VII would be a 0w-12.
Now, these two 5w-xx's are base-blended quite differently because the first targets a 30 as the final visc, the 2nd a 40:
The first has a base oil blend that results in a 5.46cSt visc, which would yield a 5w-12, the 2nd results in ~6.6cSt, giving us a 5w-16.
So, now comparing our examples, our non-VII'd 5w-30 is actually lighter without VII than our 0w-20.
If we were using non-synthetic bases, there could be a requirement for an even lower visc, so your 5w-30 or 10w-30 could be an even lighter base blend than those examples from above.